![]() ![]() ![]() Mustafa Kemal later received the honorary title Atatürk, which means Father of Turks. On 29 October 1923 Mustafa Kemal officially declared the Republic of Turkey, and was elected as the country’s first president. In this treaty the current borders of Turkey were established. A few months later, the Pact of Sèvres was replaced by the more forbearing Treaty of Lausanne. The Battle of Dumlupınar is seen as the last fight in the War of Independence, and therefore Augis named Victory Day. The Greek defense broke completely and the Turks marched all the way to Smyrna (Izmir). On 30 August 1922 the Turkish revolutionary army defeated the Greek troups in the Battle of Dumlupınar. The Turks on the other hand were determined to defend their soil to the bitter end. But the Greek soldiers were morally weak after the long war and the long time away from their homes. Both parties had won and lost battles and at that specific moment there was actually no prospect of a quick ending of the conflict.Īll though the Greek army was stronger in numbers, the Turks had the advantage of more heavy artillery and talented cavalry. By that time, both the Turks and the Greek suffered already a lot from the lengthy war. The battle of Dumlupınar started on 26 August 1922. This happened after the Battle of Dumlupınar near Afyon. Battle of DumlupınarĪfter a progression of heavy wars, the triumph at last was for the Turks. On Atatürk landed in Samsun near the Black Sea which is seen as the start of the Turkish War of Independence. On the Greek army occupied Smyrna (today’s Izmir). He told them to resist the sultan and the foreign occupants. The charismatic and highly intelligent Mustafa Kemal succeeded in motivating the Turkish army and the Turkish people. But some determined army generals, under whom Mustafa Kemal, did not. In this treaty the Ottoman Empire was divided among the allied countries. This pact was signed on 10 August 1920 after 15 months were spend to draw it up. England, France, Italy, Greece) took control by forcing a tight peace treaty on the Ottoman Empire: the Treaty of Sèvres. So after losing the war, the winning countries (eg. It was under the absolute reign of the sultan.ĭuring the war, the Ottoman Empire fought on the side of Germany. A victory that is seen as the triumph that ended the War of Independence.īefore we can explain the importance of 30 August, a little background information is needed. Here, in this place near Afyon, the Turkish revolutionary army, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, defeated the Greek troupes. On August 30, 1922, the Turkish nation announced to the whole world that it would never bow to oppression and forego its independence in any way. ![]() On this day the Turks commemorate the Battle of Dumlupınar in 1922. It is known as Victory Day (Zafer Bayramı). 30 August is an important date for the Turks. ![]()
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